"The ice sheets, sea ice and permafrost provide little direct economic benefit to nation states, despite their importance for Arctic indigenous peoples. But they do provide extremely important features that enable the present climate to operate as humankind has grown used to."

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"As the realization sets in that existing emission reductions and renewable energy programs in place won’t be enough to save the Arctic, alternative geoengineering projects have gained traction as scientists look for a last-ditch solution."

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Chen, Yating, Aobo Liu, and John C. Moore. 2020: “Mitigation of Arctic Permafrost Carbon Loss through Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering.” Nature Communications 11 (1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16357-8.

‌"Increasing Earth’s albedo by the injection of sulfate aerosols into the stratosphere has been proposed as a way of offsetting some of the adverse effects of climate change. We examine this hypothesis in respect of permafrost carbon-climate feedbacks using the PInc-PanTher process model driven by seven earth system models running the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) G4 stratospheric aerosol injection scheme to reduce radiative forcing under the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 scenario."

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Macias-Fauria, Marc; Jepson, Paul; Zimov, Nikita; Malhi, Yadvinder (2020): Pleistocene Arctic megafaunal ecological engineering as a natural climate solution? In Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 375 (1794), p. 20190122. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0122.

"Here we review the environmental context of megafaunal ecological engineering in the Arctic; explore the mechanisms through which it can help mitigate climate change; and estimate its potential—based on bison and horse, with the aim of evaluating the feasibility of generating an ecosystem shift that is economically viable in terms of carbon benefits and of sufficient scale to play a significant role in global climate change mitigation."

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