28.12.2018

# New Publications

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Chen, Y.; et al. (2019): Economic losses of carbon emissions from circum-Arctic permafrost regions under RCP-SSP scenarios

Chen, Y.; Liu, A.; Zhang, Z.; Hope, C.; Crabbe, J. (2019): Economic losses of carbon emissions from circum-Arctic permafrost regions under RCP-SSP scenarios. In: Science of the Total Environment 658, S. 1064–1068. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.299.

"In this study, we use the PInc-PanTher model to estimate carbon emissions from thawing permafrost in the circum-Arctic during 2010–2100 followed by the PAGE09 integrated assessment model to evaluate the net economic losses caused by these permafrost carbon emissions."

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24.12.2018

# New Publications

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Gambhir, A.; et al. (2018): Energy system changes in 1.5 °C, well below 2 °C and 2 °C scenarios

Gambhir, A.; Rogelj, J.; Luderer, G.; Few, S.; Napp, T. (2019): Energy system changes in 1.5 °C, well below 2 °C and 2 °C scenarios. In: Energy Strategy Reviews 23, S. 69–80. DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2018.12.006.

"We specifically assess differences in a range of near-term indicators describing CO2 emissions reductions pathways, changes in primary energy and final energy across the economy's major sectors, in addition to more detailed metrics around the use of carbon capture and storage (CCS), negative emissions, low-carbon electricity and hydrogen."

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24.12.2018

# New Publications

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Beckman, R.; et al. (2018): High seas governance. Gaps and challenges

Beckman, R.; McCreath, M.; Roach, A. (Hg.) (2018): High seas governance. Gaps and challenges. Leiden: Brill Nijhoff (Publications on ocean development, 86). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004373303_004

"This chapter examines the legal framework for marine geoengineering, analysing the extent to which the modern law of the sea has responded to the gaps and challenges in the current regulatory framework. It will focus on adapting existing environmental and other principles within the framework of unclos to geoengineering, before examining the recent initiative under the 1996 London Protocol to develop a designated regime to regulate ocean fertilisation."

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17.12.2018

# New Publications

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Reynolds, J. (2018): The politics and governance of negative emissions technologies

Reynolds, J. (2018): The politics and governance of negative emissions technologies. In: Glob. Sustain. 1. DOI: 10.1017/sus.2018.13.

"It is well known that the Paris Agreement aims to keep climate change – perhaps the greatest current challenge to global sustainability – to within 2 °C of warming, and to strive for 1.5 °C. Many people point toward the scenarios used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and conclude that this is feasible if only our leaders had the political will to do what’s necessary. However, it is less widely known that these scenarios assume the use of technologies to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere at very large scales."

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17.12.2018

# New Publications

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Lu, L.; et al. (2018): Wastewater treatment for carbon capture and utilization

Lu, L.; Guest, J.; Peters, C.; Zhu, X.; Rau, G.; Ren, Z. (2018): Wastewater treatment for carbon capture and utilization. In: Nature Sustainability 1 (12), S. 750–758. DOI: 10.1038/s41893-018-0187-9.

"This Review summarizes alternative wastewater treatment pathways capable of simultaneous CO2 capture and utilization, and demonstrates the environmental and economic benefits of microbial electrochemical and phototrophic processes. Preliminary estimates demonstrate that re-envisioning wastewater treatment may entirely offset the industry’s greenhouse gas footprint and make it a globally significant contributor of negative carbon emissions."

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17.12.2018

# New Publications

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Yuan, N.; et al. (2018): Extreme climatic events down-regulate the grassland biomass response to elevated carbon dioxide

Yuan, N.; Moser, G.; Mueller, C.; Obermeier, W.; Bendix, J.; Luterbacher, J. (2018): Extreme climatic events down-regulate the grassland biomass response to elevated carbon dioxide. In: Scientific reports 8 (1), S. 17758. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36157-x.

"Terrestrial ecosystems are considered as carbon sinks that may mitigate the impacts of increased atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]). However, it is not clear what their carbon sink capacity will be under extreme climatic conditions. In this study, we used long-term (1998–2013) data from a C3 grassland Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiment in Germany to study the combined effects of elevated [CO2] and extreme climatic events (ECEs) on aboveground biomass production."

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17.12.2018

# New Publications

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Bonetti, F.; et al. (2018): Multiple input control strategies for robust and adaptive climate engineering in a low-order 3-box model

Bonetti, F.; McInnes, C. (2018): Multiple input control strategies for robust and adaptive climate engineering in a low-order 3-box model. In: Proceedings. Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences 474 (2217), S. 20180447. DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2018.0447.

"A low-order 3-box energy balance model for the climate system is employed with a multivariable control scheme for the evaluation of new robust and adaptive climate engineering strategies using solar radiation management. The climate engineering measures are deployed in three boxes thus representing northern, southern and central bands. It is shown that, through heat transport between the boxes, it is possible to effect a degree of latitudinal control through the reduction of insolation."

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17.12.2018

# New Publications

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Possner, A.; et al. (2018): The efficacy of aerosol–cloud radiative perturbations from near-surface emissions in deep open-cell stratocumuli

Possner, A.; Wang, H.; Wood, R.; Caldeira, K.; Ackerman, T. (2018): The efficacy of aerosol–cloud radiative perturbations from near-surface emissions in deep open-cell stratocumuli. In: Atmos. Chem. Phys 18 (23), S. 17475–17488. DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-17475-2018.

"We show that a spatially coherent cloud perturbation is not evident along the emission line. Yet our model simulates an increase in domain-mean all-sky albedo of 0.05, corresponding to a diurnally averaged cloud radiative effect of 20 W m−2, given the annual mean solar insolation at the VOCALS-REx site. Therefore, marked changes in cloud radiative properties in precipitating deep open cells may be driven by anthropogenic near-surface aerosol perturbations, such as those generated by ships."

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13.12.2018

# New Publications

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Reynolds, J. et al. (2018): Governance of Highly Decentralized Nonstate Actors: the Case of Solar Geoengineering. Discussion Paper

Reynolds, J.; Wagner, G. (2018): Governance of Highly Decentralized Nonstate Actors: the Case of Solar Geoengineering. Discussion Paper.

"While solar geoengineering has the potential to greatly reduce climate change, it has generally been conceived as centralized and state deployed. Potential highly decentralized deployment moves the activity from the already contested arena of state action to that of environmentally motivated nongovernmental organizations and individuals, which could disrupt international relations and pose novel challenges for technology and environmental policy. We explore its feasibility, political implications, and governance."

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13.12.2018

# New Publications

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The National Academies of Science, Engineering, Medicine (2018): A Research Review of Interventions to Increase the Persistence and Resilience of Coral Reefs

The National Academies of Science, Engineering, Medicine (2018): A Research Review of Interventions to Increase the Persistence and Resilience of Coral Reefs. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. DOI: 10.17226/25279.

"Coral reef declines have been recorded for all major tropical ocean basins since the 1980s, averaging approximately 30-50% reductions in reef cover globally. These losses are a result of numerous problems, including habitat destruction, pollution, overfishing, disease, and climate change. Greenhouse gas emissions and the associated increases in ocean temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations have been implicated in increased reports of coral bleaching, disease outbreaks, and ocean acidification (OA)."

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